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Samba e OpenLDAP: creare un controller di dominio con Debian Squeeze: differenze tra le versioni

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Samba e OpenLDAP: creare un controller di dominio con Debian Squeeze (visualizza wikitesto)

Versione delle 14:33, 2 ott 2011

9 089 byte aggiunti ,  2 ott 2011
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== Configurazione del server LDAP ==
Passiamo ora alla configurazione del server LDAP.<br/>
Innanzitutto effettuiamo un backup di LDAP:
<pre>
# slapcat > ~/slapd.ldif
</pre>
Adesso dobbiamo recuperare gli schemi mancanti, che aggiungeremo poi alla configurazione di LDAP, e copiare in <tt>/etc/ldap/schema</tt> lo schema LDAP necessario per SAMBA.
<pre>
# wget http://www.pepinet.com/download/samba/hdb.schema -P /etc/ldap/schema/
# wget http://www.pepinet.com/download/samba/qmailuser.schema -P /etc/ldap/schema/
# zcat /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/examples/LDAP/samba.schema.gz > /etc/ldap/schema/samba.schema
</pre>
Quindi generate l'hash MD5 della password di root di LDAP:
<pre>
# slappasswd -h {MD5}
</pre>
e prendete nota del risultato.<br/>
Ora occorre modificare il file di configurazione di slapd (<tt>/etc/ldap/slapd.conf</tt>) aggiungendo nella sezione <tt>Schema and objectClass definitions</tt> lo schema per samba:
<pre>
include /etc/ldap/schema/samba.schema
</pre>
Nella sezione <tt>Indexing options</tt> aggiungere una serie di indicizzazioni che ottimizzeranno le interogazioni per l'utilizzo del server SAMBA:
<pre>
index objectClass eq,pres
index uid,uidNumber,gidNumber,memberUid eq,pres
index ou,cn,mail,surname,givenname eq,pres,sub
index loginShell                        eq,pres
index displayName                      pres,sub,eq
index nisMapName,nisMapEntry            eq,pres,sub
index sambaSID eq
index sambaPrimaryGroupSID eq
index sambaDomainName eq
index sambaGroupType eq
index sambaSIDList eq
index uniqueMember eq
index default                          sub
</pre>
Bisogna consentire agli utenti di cambiare non solo la propria password LDAP, ma anche le password di SAMBA e contemporaneamente proteggere tali informazioni da un accesso pubblico sostituendo la riga:
<pre>
access to attribute=userPassword
</pre>
con:
<pre>
access to attrs=userPassword,sambaNTPassword,sambaLMPassword,sambaPwdMustChange,sambaPwdLastSet
</pre>
Infine aggiungere le informazioni per l'autenticazione:
<pre>
rootdn          "cn=admin,dc=dominio,dc=local"
rootpw          {MD5}Qhz9FD5FDD9YFKBJVAngcw==
</pre>
Il contenuto del file dovrebbe essere il seguente:<br/>
'''/etc/ldap/sldap.conf''':
<pre>
#######################################################################
# Global Directives:
#sizelimit 20
timelimit -1
threads 8
# Features to permit
allow bind_v2
# Schema and objectClass definitions
include        /etc/ldap/schema/core.schema
include        /etc/ldap/schema/cosine.schema
include        /etc/ldap/schema/nis.schema
include        /etc/ldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema
include        /etc/ldap/schema/qmailuser.schema
include        /etc/ldap/schema/samba.schema
#include        /etc/ldap/schema/hdb.schema
# Where the pid file is put. The init.d script
# will not stop the server if you change this.
pidfile        /var/run/slapd/slapd.pid
# List of arguments that were passed to the server
argsfile        /var/run/slapd/slapd.args
# Read slapd.conf(5) for possible values
loglevel        none
# Where the dynamically loaded modules are stored
modulepath      /usr/lib/ldap
moduleload      back_bdb
# The maximum number of entries that is returned for a search operation
sizelimit 500
# The tool-threads parameter sets the actual amount of cpu's that is used
# for indexing.
tool-threads 1
#######################################################################
# Specific Backend Directives for bdb:
# Backend specific directives apply to this backend until another
# 'backend' directive occurs
backend        bdb
#######################################################################
# Specific Backend Directives for 'other':
# Backend specific directives apply to this backend until another
# 'backend' directive occurs
#backend                <other>
#######################################################################
# Specific Directives for database #1, of type bdb:
# Database specific directives apply to this databasse until another
# 'database' directive occurs
database        bdb
# The base of your directory in database #1
suffix          "dc=dominio,dc=local"
# rootdn directive for specifying a superuser on the database. This is needed
# for syncrepl.
rootdn          "cn=admin,dc=dominio,dc=local"
rootpw          {MD5}8Fy5aWO9Ks1d5nFGx3aQ3D==
# Where the database file are physically stored for database #1
directory      "/var/lib/ldap"
# The dbconfig settings are used to generate a DB_CONFIG file the first
# time slapd starts.
dbconfig set_cachesize 0 2097152 0
# Number of objects that can be locked at the same time.
dbconfig set_lk_max_objects 1500
# Number of locks (both requested and granted)
dbconfig set_lk_max_locks 1500
# Number of lockers
dbconfig set_lk_max_lockers 1500
# Indexing options for database #1
#index          objectClass eq
index mail,mailAlternateAddress,objectClass,deliveryMode,accountStatus,ou pres,eq
index cn                    pres,sub,eq
index sn                    pres,sub,eq
index uid                  pres,sub,eq
index displayName          pres,sub,eq
index uidNumber            eq
index gidNumber            eq
index memberUID            eq
index sambaSID              eq
index sambaPrimaryGroupSID  eq
index sambaDomainName      eq
index mailHost              eq
index givenName            pres,sub,eq
index default              sub
# Password Hash Definition
password-hash {MD5}
# Overlay Unique
#overlay unique
#unique_uri ldap:///ou=Users,dc=dominio,dc=local?uidNumber,cn?sub
#unique_uri ldap:///ou=Groups,dc=dominio,dc=local?gidNumber,cn?sub
# Save the time that the entry gets modified, for database #1
lastmod        on
# Checkpoint the BerkeleyDB database periodically in case of system
# failure and to speed slapd shutdown.
checkpoint      512 30
# Where to store the replica logs for database #1
# replogfile    /var/lib/ldap/replog
##########################################################
# Configurazione dei permessi per i vari utenti
# del'albero LDAP
############################################################
# The userPassword by default can be changed
# by the entry owning it if they are authenticated.
# Others should not be able to see it, except the
# admin entry below
# These access lines apply to database #1 only
#access to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange
access to attrs=userPassword,sambaNTPassword,sambaLMPassword,sambaPwdLastSet,sambaPwdMustChange,sambaPasswordHistory
        by dn="cn=admin,dc=dominio,dc=local" write
        by anonymous auth
        by self write
        by * none
# Everyone must be able to read password expiry attributes,
# if you are not granting rootdn access to workstations.
# Otherwise, the client system won't be able to know if
# user's password has expired, and will prompt him/her to
# change his/her password everytime he/she logs in.
# The owner must also be able to write it when he/she
# changes his/her own password.
access to attrs=shadowLastChange,sambaPwdLastSet,sambaPwdMustChange
        by dn="cn=admin,dc=dominio,dc=local" write
        by self write
        by * read
# Ensure read access to the base for things like
# supportedSASLMechanisms.  Without this you may
# have problems with SASL not knowing what
# mechanisms are available and the like.
# Note that this is covered by the 'access to *'
# ACL below too but if you change that as people
# are wont to do you'll still need this if you
# want SASL (and possible other things) to work
# happily.
access to dn.base="" by * read
# The admin dn has full write access, everyone else
# can read everything.
access to *
        by dn="cn=admin,dc=dominio,dc=local" write
        by * read
# For Netscape Roaming support, each user gets a roaming
# profile for which they have write access to
#access to dn=".*,ou=Roaming,o=morsnet"
#        by dn="cn=admin,dc=dominio,dc=local" write
#        by dnattr=owner write
#######################################################################
# Specific Directives for database #2, of type 'other' (can be bdb too):
# Database specific directives apply to this databasse until another
# 'database' directive occurs
#database        <other>
# The base of your directory for database #2
#suffix        "dc=debian,dc=org"
</pre>
Possiamo far ripartire <tt>slapd</tt> affinché tutte le modifiche apportate siano prese in considerazione.
<pre>
# /etc/init.d/slapd stop
# rm -rf /var/lib/ldap/*
# slapadd -l ~/slapd.ldif
# slapindex
# chown -Rf openldap:openldap /var/lib/ldap
# /etc/init.d/slapd start
</pre>
Si può controllare che il server sia correttamente partito eseguendo una query con i comandi:
<pre>
# slapcat
# ldapsearch -x
</pre>
La risposta deve essere un file LDIF. Se invece si ottiene un errore di connessione ricontrollare tutte le impostazioni e i file di log. Per controllare il funzionamento di <tt>slapd</tt> può sempre tornare utile fermare il servizio e farlo partire, anziché con gli script standard debian con il comando:
<pre>
# slapd -d 256
</pre>
In tal modo viene avviato visualizzando varie informazioni di debug a video.
<br/>
== Per approfondimenti ==
== Per approfondimenti ==
[[Samba e OpenLDAP: creare un controller di dominio]]<br/>
[[Samba e OpenLDAP: creare un controller di dominio]]<br/>
Estratto da "https://guide.debianizzati.org/index.php/Speciale:DiffMobile/26641"